Biology teacher

 Enzyme Co-factors: Apoenzyme, Holoenzyme & Types Explained  Co-factors help enzymes become active by combining with apoenzymes to form functional holoenzymes. -Dr.Sanjaykumar Pawar  Co-factors (NCERT Class 11 Biology) Line-by-Line Explanation Notes (NEET Preparation) 6. Co-factors Introduction to Co-factors Line: Enzymes are composed of one or several polypeptide chains. Explanation: Enzymes are mainly made up of proteins . Proteins are made up of long chains of amino acids called polypeptide chains . Some enzymes contain only one polypeptide chain, while others contain multiple chains. Line: However, there are a number of cases in which non-protein constituents called co-factors are bound to the enzyme to make the enzyme catalytically active. Explanation: Some enzymes cannot work alone. They require an additional non-protein component called a co-factor . Co-factors attach to enzymes and help them perform their catalytic activity. Without the co-...

  NCERT Class 11 Biology: Viruses, Viroids, Prions and Lichens Explained Simply - Dr.Sanjaykumar Pawar  Viruses Viruses are acellular (non-cellular) Comparison of Viruses, Viroids, Prions, and Lichens showing structure, composition, and biological roles in Class 11 Biology. organisms . They are not considered fully living because they do not have a cellular structure. Outside a host cell, viruses remain inactive and crystalline (non-living form) . Inside a living cell, they become active and use host machinery to reproduce . They are called obligate intracellular parasites (can live and reproduce only inside host cells). They kill or damage host cells during reproduction. The word virus means “poisonous fluid” . Discovery of Viruses (Important for exams) Dmitri Ivanovsky (1892) discovered microbes causing tobacco mosaic disease. These agents were smaller than bacteria and passed through bacteria-proof filters. M.W. Beijerinck (1898) named them “virus” a...

  Unit 3 – Cell: Structure and Functions  - Dr.Sanjaykumar Pawar  Easy Line-by-Line Notes (NEET Level for Beginners) 1. “Biology is the study of living organisms.” Biology = science of life. It studies plants, animals, microbes, and humans. 2. “The detailed description of their form and appearance only brought out their diversity.” Living organisms look different from each other. Example: bacteria, plants, and humans all have different shapes and sizes. 3. “Cell theory emphasised the unity underlying this diversity of forms.” Even though organisms look different, all are made of cells. This common feature is explained by Cell Theory . 4. “The cellular organisation of all life forms.” Every living organism is made of one or more cells. Cell = basic structural and functional unit of life. 5. “A description of cell structure and cell growth by division...” Cells have different parts called organelles. Cells grow and reproduce by cell division. ...

Structure of Neuron – Easy NEET Notes  - Dr.Sanjaykumar pawar  Neuron Neuron is the structural and functional unit of nervous system . It receives, processes and transmits nerve impulses. Neurons are also called nerve cells . Parts of a Neuron 1. Cell Body (Cyton / Soma) Main part of neuron containing the cytoplasm and nucleus . Controls all activities of the neuron. Contains Nissl’s granules . Nissl’s Granules Granular structures present in cytoplasm. Help in protein synthesis . Present in cell body and dendrites. Absent in axon. 2. Dendrites Short, branched fibres arising from cell body. Receive stimuli or nerve impulses. Carry impulses towards the cell body . Important Point Dendrites contain Nissl’s granules . 3. Axon Long fibre arising from cell body. Conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body . Distal end of axon is branched. Axon Terminal Terminal branches end in swollen bulb-like structures called synaptic knobs . Synapt...