 |
| Diagrammatic representation of the pituitary gland showing anterior pituitary, posterior pituitary, hypothalamus, and hormone secretion. |
NEET-Level MCQs (Hard) – Pituitary Gland
1. The pituitary gland is located in:
A. Medulla oblongata
B. Sella turcica
C. Corpus callosum
D. Pons
Answer:
B. Sella turcica
2. Which part of pituitary stores hormones synthesized by hypothalamus?
A. Pars distalis
B. Pars intermedia
C. Neurohypophysis
D. Adenohypophysis
Answer:
C. Neurohypophysis
3. Oxytocin and vasopressin are synthesized in:
A. Anterior pituitary
B. Pars intermedia
C. Hypothalamus
D. Adrenal cortex
Answer:
C. Hypothalamus
4. Which hormone is secreted by pars intermedia?
A. GH
B. ACTH
C. MSH
D. PRL
Answer:
C. MSH
5. Hypersecretion of growth hormone in adults causes:
A. Gigantism
B. Dwarfism
C. Acromegaly
D. Cretinism
Answer:
C. Acromegaly
6. Which of the following hormones are collectively called gonadotropins?
A. GH and PRL
B. TSH and ACTH
C. LH and FSH
D. PRL and MSH
Answer:
C. LH and FSH
7. Identify the incorrect statement:
A. Posterior pituitary synthesizes ADH
B. GH promotes body growth
C. TSH stimulates thyroid gland
D. ACTH stimulates adrenal cortex
Answer:
A. Posterior pituitary synthesizes ADH
Explanation:
ADH is synthesized in hypothalamus and stored in posterior pituitary.
8. Which hormone directly stimulates milk production?
A. Oxytocin
B. Prolactin
C. LH
D. FSH
Answer:
B. Prolactin
9. Which hormone is responsible for milk ejection reflex?
A. PRL
B. ACTH
C. Oxytocin
D. TSH
Answer:
C. Oxytocin
10. Low secretion of GH during childhood results in:
A. Acromegaly
B. Giantism
C. Pituitary dwarfism
D. Myxedema
Answer:
C. Pituitary dwarfism
Assertion and Reason Type MCQs
11.
Assertion (A):
LH in females induces ovulation.
Reason (R):
LH converts Graafian follicle into corpus luteum.
A. Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation
B. Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation
C. A true, R false
D. A false, R true
Answer:
A. Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation
12.
Assertion (A):
Posterior pituitary is called neurohypophysis.
Reason (R):
It is neural in origin.
A. Both true and R correct explanation
B. Both true but R not explanation
C. A true, R false
D. A false, R true
Answer:
A. Both true and R correct explanation
13.
Assertion (A):
FSH stimulates spermatogenesis in males.
Reason (R):
FSH acts on seminiferous tubules.
A. Both true and R correct explanation
B. Both true but R not explanation
C. A true, R false
D. Both false
Answer:
A. Both true and R correct explanation
Match the Column (NEET Pattern)
14. Match Column I with Column II
| Column I | Column II |
|---|---|
| a. GH | 1. Ovulation |
| b. ACTH | 2. Milk production |
| c. LH | 3. Adrenal cortex |
| d. PRL | 4. Body growth |
Options:
A. a-4, b-3, c-1, d-2
B. a-2, b-4, c-1, d-3
C. a-4, b-1, c-3, d-2
D. a-3, b-4, c-2, d-1
Answer:
A. a-4, b-3, c-1, d-2
Statement-Based MCQs
15. Select the correct statements:
- Pars distalis secretes GH and PRL.
- Posterior pituitary synthesizes oxytocin.
- MSH is secreted by pars intermedia.
- LH stimulates testosterone secretion.
A. 1, 2 and 3
B. 1, 3 and 4
C. 2 and 4 only
D. 1 and 2 only
Answer:
B. 1, 3 and 4
16. Which hormone increases water reabsorption in kidneys?
A. Oxytocin
B. Vasopressin
C. Prolactin
D. MSH
Answer:
B. Vasopressin
17. Which structure connects hypothalamus and pituitary gland?
A. Corpus luteum
B. Sella turcica
C. Pituitary stalk
D. Pineal body
Answer:
C. Pituitary stalk
18. Excess GH secretion before puberty causes:
A. Acromegaly
B. Dwarfism
C. Gigantism
D. Tetany
Answer:
C. Gigantism
19. The portal circulation between hypothalamus and pituitary mainly helps in:
A. Transport of oxygen
B. Transport of releasing hormones
C. Transport of GH
D. Transport of melanin
Answer:
B. Transport of releasing hormones
20. Which of the following is NOT secreted by anterior pituitary?
A. TSH
B. ACTH
C. ADH
D. FSH
Answer:
C. ADH
NEET Advanced Concept MCQs
21. Which hormone acts directly on melanocytes?
A. ACTH
B. TSH
C. MSH
D. FSH
Answer:
C. MSH
22. Identify the correct sequence:
A. Hypothalamus → Portal circulation → Adenohypophysis
B. Neurohypophysis → Hypothalamus → Portal vein
C. Adenohypophysis → Thyroid → Hypothalamus
D. Hypothalamus → Thyroid → Pituitary
Answer:
A. Hypothalamus → Portal circulation → Adenohypophysis
23. Which hormone is responsible for uterine contraction during parturition?
A. Prolactin
B. Oxytocin
C. Vasopressin
D. ACTH
Answer:
B. Oxytocin
24. The anterior pituitary develops from:
A. Neural ectoderm
B. Mesoderm
C. Endoderm
D. Oral ectoderm
Answer:
D. Oral ectoderm
25. Acromegaly mainly affects:
A. Long bones only
B. Facial bones and extremities
C. Thyroid gland
D. Vertebral column only
Answer:
B. Facial bones and extremities
HOTS MCQs
26. A patient shows enlarged jaw, thick fingers and facial deformities. The disorder is due to:
A. Hyposecretion of GH during childhood
B. Hypersecretion of GH during adulthood
C. Hypersecretion of thyroxine
D. Hyposecretion of insulin
Answer:
B. Hypersecretion of GH during adulthood
27. Removal of posterior pituitary will directly affect:
A. Thyroxine synthesis
B. Water balance regulation
C. Skin pigmentation
D. Cortisol secretion
Answer:
B. Water balance regulation
28. Which pair is correctly matched?
A. TSH – Adrenal cortex
B. ACTH – Thyroid gland
C. FSH – Spermatogenesis
D. PRL – Ovulation
Answer:
C. FSH – Spermatogenesis
29. Which hormone has both endocrine and neurosecretory association?
A. GH
B. ACTH
C. Oxytocin
D. FSH
Answer:
C. Oxytocin
30. In humans, pars intermedia is:
A. Highly developed
B. Completely absent
C. Fused with pars distalis
D. Connected with pineal gland
Answer:
C. Fused with pars distalis
NEET Previous Year Questions (PYQs) – Pituitary Gland & Hormones
1. NEET 2023
Which hormone is released by posterior pituitary?
A. Growth hormone
B. Prolactin
C. Oxytocin
D. TSH
Answer:
C. Oxytocin
Explanation:
Posterior pituitary stores and releases:
- Oxytocin
- Vasopressin (ADH)
These are synthesized in hypothalamus.
2. NEET 2022
Hypersecretion of growth hormone in adults causes:
A. Dwarfism
B. Acromegaly
C. Gigantism
D. Goitre
Answer:
B. Acromegaly
Explanation:
- Excess GH in adults → Acromegaly
- Excess GH in children → Gigantism
3. NEET 2021
Which hormone stimulates milk production in mammary glands?
A. Oxytocin
B. FSH
C. Prolactin
D. LH
Answer:
C. Prolactin
4. NEET 2020
Vasopressin acts mainly on:
A. Liver
B. Kidneys
C. Thyroid
D. Pancreas
Answer:
B. Kidneys
Explanation:
ADH/Vasopressin increases water reabsorption in kidney tubules.
5. NEET 2019
Match the following hormones with their functions:
| Hormone | Function |
|---|---|
| A. LH | i. Milk secretion |
| B. PRL | ii. Ovulation |
Correct Match:
A-ii, B-i
Answer:
LH → Ovulation
PRL → Milk secretion
6. AIPMT 2018
Hormones secreted by adenohypophysis are:
A. Oxytocin and ADH
B. GH, PRL, TSH
C. ADH and TSH
D. Oxytocin and GH
Answer:
B. GH, PRL, TSH
7. NEET 2017
Which hormone is called antidiuretic hormone?
A. Oxytocin
B. Vasopressin
C. Prolactin
D. ACTH
Answer:
B. Vasopressin
8. AIPMT 2016
Which hormone stimulates adrenal cortex?
A. TSH
B. FSH
C. ACTH
D. GH
Answer:
C. ACTH
9. NEET 2016
The pituitary gland is attached to:
A. Cerebellum
B. Hypothalamus
C. Medulla
D. Pons
Answer:
B. Hypothalamus
10. AIPMT 2015
Which of the following is not secreted by anterior pituitary?
A. FSH
B. LH
C. ADH
D. TSH
Answer:
C. ADH
Assertion & Reason PYQs
11. NEET Pattern PYQ
Assertion (A):
Posterior pituitary does not synthesize hormones.
Reason (R):
Oxytocin and vasopressin are synthesized in hypothalamus.
A. Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation
B. Both true but R not explanation
C. A true, R false
D. A false, R true
Answer:
A
12. NEET Pattern PYQ
Assertion (A):
LH and FSH are called gonadotropins.
Reason (R):
They act on gonads.
Answer:
A. Both true and correct explanation
Statement-Based PYQs
13. Select correct statements:
- GH deficiency causes dwarfism.
- Excess GH in adults causes gigantism.
- Pars intermedia secretes MSH.
- Posterior pituitary stores hormones.
A. 1, 3 and 4
B. 1 and 2
C. 2 and 4
D. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer:
A. 1, 3 and 4
Explanation:
- Excess GH in adults causes acromegaly, not gigantism.
Match the Column PYQs
14. Match hormones with functions:
| Hormone | Function |
|---|---|
| GH | Body growth |
| TSH | Thyroid stimulation |
| ACTH | Adrenal cortex stimulation |
| PRL | Milk production |
Answer:
All correctly matched.
NEET Important Repeated Concepts
Frequently Repeated Topics in NEET
- Hormones of anterior pituitary
- ADH and oxytocin
- GH disorders
- Functions of LH and FSH
- Hypothalamus-pituitary relationship
- Neurohypophysis vs adenohypophysis
- MSH secretion
- Gonadotropins
PYQ Quick Revision Table
| Hormone | Important Function |
|---|---|
| GH | Body growth |
| PRL | Milk production |
| TSH | Stimulates thyroid |
| ACTH | Stimulates adrenal cortex |
| FSH | Spermatogenesis/Follicle growth |
| LH | Ovulation/Testosterone secretion |
| Oxytocin | Milk ejection/Uterine contraction |
| ADH | Water reabsorption |
NEET One-Liner PYQs
- Posterior pituitary stores hormones synthesized in hypothalamus.
- GH excess in adults causes acromegaly.
- GH deficiency in childhood causes dwarfism.
- LH and FSH are gonadotropins.
- ADH regulates water balance.
- Pituitary gland lies in sella turcica.
- Pars intermedia secretes MSH.
NEET Full Mock Test – Pituitary Gland & Endocrine Physiology
Total Questions: 45
Level: NEET Exam Standard
Time Suggested: 45 Minutes
SECTION A – MCQs
1.
The pituitary gland is located in:
A. Pons
B. Medulla
C. Sella turcica
D. Cerebrum
2.
The anterior pituitary is also called:
A. Neurohypophysis
B. Pars nervosa
C. Adenohypophysis
D. Pineal body
3.
Which hormone is secreted by pars intermedia?
A. GH
B. PRL
C. MSH
D. ACTH
4.
Oxytocin is synthesized in:
A. Posterior pituitary
B. Anterior pituitary
C. Hypothalamus
D. Thyroid gland
5.
Which hormone stimulates body growth?
A. TSH
B. GH
C. ACTH
D. FSH
6.
Hypersecretion of GH in children causes:
A. Dwarfism
B. Acromegaly
C. Gigantism
D. Goitre
7.
Acromegaly occurs due to:
A. Low GH in adults
B. Excess GH in adults
C. Excess thyroxine
D. Low insulin
8.
Which hormone regulates milk production?
A. Oxytocin
B. LH
C. Prolactin
D. ADH
9.
TSH acts on:
A. Adrenal gland
B. Pancreas
C. Thyroid gland
D. Gonads
10.
ACTH stimulates:
A. Thyroid cortex
B. Adrenal cortex
C. Kidney cortex
D. Testis
11.
Which hormones are called gonadotropins?
A. GH and PRL
B. LH and FSH
C. TSH and ACTH
D. ADH and Oxytocin
12.
LH in females causes:
A. Spermatogenesis
B. Milk secretion
C. Ovulation
D. Water absorption
13.
FSH in males helps in:
A. Ovulation
B. Milk ejection
C. Spermatogenesis
D. Thyroxine secretion
14.
Vasopressin mainly acts on:
A. Liver
B. Kidneys
C. Thyroid
D. Heart
15.
Posterior pituitary stores:
A. GH and TSH
B. LH and FSH
C. Oxytocin and ADH
D. ACTH and PRL
16.
Which gland is called master gland?
A. Thyroid
B. Pineal
C. Pituitary
D. Adrenal
17.
Hyposecretion of GH during childhood leads to:
A. Acromegaly
B. Dwarfism
C. Gigantism
D. Diabetes
18.
The connection between hypothalamus and pituitary is through:
A. Corpus luteum
B. Portal vein system
C. Pituitary stalk
D. Medulla
19.
Which is NOT an anterior pituitary hormone?
A. TSH
B. ACTH
C. ADH
D. FSH
20.
Melanocyte stimulating hormone controls:
A. Growth
B. Pigmentation
C. Ovulation
D. Metabolism
SECTION B – ASSERTION & REASON
21.
Assertion:
Posterior pituitary does not synthesize hormones.
Reason:
Oxytocin and vasopressin are synthesized in hypothalamus.
A. Both true and R explains A
B. Both true but R not explanation
C. A true, R false
D. A false, R true
22.
Assertion:
LH and FSH are called gonadotropins.
Reason:
They stimulate gonads.
A. Both true and R explains A
B. Both true but R not explanation
C. A true, R false
D. Both false
23.
Assertion:
Excess GH in adults causes gigantism.
Reason:
Long bones cannot increase in length in adults.
A. Both true
B. A true, R false
C. A false, R true
D. Both false
24.
Assertion:
PRL stimulates milk production.
Reason:
Oxytocin stimulates milk ejection.
A. Both true and R explains A
B. Both true but R not explanation
C. A true, R false
D. Both false
25.
Assertion:
TSH stimulates thyroid gland.
Reason:
TSH is secreted by neurohypophysis.
A. Both true
B. A true, R false
C. A false, R true
D. Both false
SECTION C – MATCH THE COLUMN
26. Match hormones with functions
| Hormone | Function |
|---|---|
| a. GH | 1. Water balance |
| b. ADH | 2. Body growth |
| c. PRL | 3. Milk production |
| d. LH | 4. Ovulation |
Options:
A. a-2, b-1, c-3, d-4
B. a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4
C. a-2, b-3, c-1, d-4
D. a-4, b-1, c-2, d-3
27. Match disorders with hormones
| Disorder | Hormone |
|---|---|
| a. Gigantism | 1. Excess GH in adults |
| b. Acromegaly | 2. Low GH |
| c. Dwarfism | 3. Excess GH in childhood |
Options:
A. a-3, b-1, c-2
B. a-1, b-2, c-3
C. a-2, b-3, c-1
D. a-3, b-2, c-1
SECTION D – STATEMENT BASED QUESTIONS
28.
Choose correct statements:
- Pars distalis secretes GH.
- Posterior pituitary synthesizes ADH.
- MSH is secreted by pars intermedia.
- LH stimulates testosterone secretion.
A. 1, 3 and 4
B. 1 and 2
C. 2 and 4
D. All correct
29.
Select incorrect statement:
A. ADH regulates water balance
B. Oxytocin helps parturition
C. ACTH stimulates thyroid gland
D. PRL promotes lactation
30.
Which are correctly matched?
- GH — Growth
- FSH — Follicular growth
- LH — Ovulation
- ADH — Milk ejection
A. 1, 2, 3
B. 1 and 4
C. 2 and 3
D. All
SECTION E – CASE STUDY QUESTIONS
31.
A 45-year-old man develops enlarged jaw, thick fingers and enlarged facial bones.
The disorder is:
A. Dwarfism
B. Gigantism
C. Acromegaly
D. Goitre
32.
The hormone responsible is:
A. PRL
B. GH
C. TSH
D. FSH
33.
A child shows very short stature due to hormonal deficiency.
Deficient hormone is:
A. GH
B. ACTH
C. TSH
D. ADH
34.
The condition is:
A. Acromegaly
B. Cretinism
C. Pituitary dwarfism
D. Diabetes insipidus
SECTION F – HIGH ORDER THINKING QUESTIONS
35.
Which hormone is directly responsible for water reabsorption in nephron?
A. ACTH
B. ADH
C. GH
D. TSH
36.
Which structure transports releasing hormones from hypothalamus to anterior pituitary?
A. Axon
B. Synapse
C. Portal circulation
D. Medulla
37.
In females, corpus luteum formation is stimulated by:
A. FSH
B. LH
C. ACTH
D. GH
38.
Which hormone stimulates androgen secretion in males?
A. FSH
B. LH
C. PRL
D. TSH
39.
Which hormone is neural in origin?
A. GH
B. ACTH
C. Oxytocin
D. FSH
40.
The posterior pituitary is also known as:
A. Pars distalis
B. Pars intermedia
C. Pars nervosa
D. Adenohypophysis
SECTION G – NEET TRICKY QUESTIONS
41.
Which hormone pair is synthesized in hypothalamus?
A. GH and PRL
B. TSH and ACTH
C. Oxytocin and ADH
D. LH and FSH
42.
The portal circulation is associated with:
A. Thyroid gland
B. Anterior pituitary
C. Posterior pituitary
D. Adrenal medulla
43.
Which hormone deficiency causes diabetes insipidus?
A. GH
B. TSH
C. ADH
D. PRL
44.
Milk ejection reflex is controlled by:
A. PRL
B. Oxytocin
C. ACTH
D. FSH
45.
Which part of pituitary is glandular?
A. Neurohypophysis
B. Pars nervosa
C. Adenohypophysis
D. Posterior pituitary
Internal Links
Endocrine Glands Complete Notes
Hypothalamus NEET Notes
Human Reproduction Notes
Chemical Coordination and Integration
Thyroid Gland NEET Notes
Adrenal Gland Notes
Hormones and Their Functions
Nervous System NEET Notes
Human Physiology Revision Notes
NEET Biology MCQs Collection
ANSWER SHEET
| Q | Ans | Q | Ans |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | C | 24 | B |
| 2 | C | 25 | B |
| 3 | C | 26 | A |
| 4 | C | 27 | A |
| 5 | B | 28 | A |
| 6 | C | 29 | C |
| 7 | B | 30 | A |
| 8 | C | 31 | C |
| 9 | C | 32 | B |
| 10 | B | 33 | A |
| 11 | B | 34 | C |
| 12 | C | 35 | B |
| 13 | C | 36 | C |
| 14 | B | 37 | B |
| 15 | C | 38 | B |
| 16 | C | 39 | C |
| 17 | B | 40 | C |
| 18 | C | 41 | C |
| 19 | C | 42 | B |
| 20 | B | 43 | C |
| 21 | A | 44 | B |
| 22 | A | 45 | C |
| 23 | C |
Comments
Post a Comment